Operation Barbarossa, launched in June 1941, failed to achieve Hitler's objective of decisively defeating the Soviet Union in a single campaign. The Battle of Stalingrad ended on February 2 1942, although resistance by Germans in the pocket continued into March. ![]() With the envelopment of German troops in the city of Stalingrad and the retreat from the Caucasus in late November, the German plan had failed. The Battle of Stalingrad is also notable for being one of the largest and costliest battles in history.Ĭase Blue, or the attack against the Volga and the Caucasus, was launched on June 28 1942. After their defeat, the Germans lost the strategic initiative on the Eastern Front. The German forces in the Caucasus were forced to retreat, lest a second, much worse, envelopment developed. The decisive German defeat at Stalingrad was a major turning point in the Second World War. The German forces in Stalingrad were forced to surrender after being surrounded. ![]() While initially a subsidiary effort, the Battle of Stalingrad soon developed into a major battle due to tenacious Soviet resistance and a major Soviet counter-attack. The German Sixth Army was tasked with seizing the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) on the banks of the Volga. In the summer of 1942, German and German-allied forces launched an offensive at the Volga and Caucasus regions in an attempt to secure the industrially active and resource-rich Transcaucasian region.
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